History of computing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History of computing - Essay Example So it is actually and initially surprising to find that he is considered as a progenitor of certain important and highly technical computing principles and that he came to influence many of the developments and developers in computing technology. Piatteli-Palmarani (1980) explained that Chomsky’s academic career began as a student of language â€Å"whose approach was rooted in rigorous philosophical analysis and in formal logical-mathematical methods.† (pxxii) During this period he was a revolutionary, seeking to address the inadequacy of the then extant attempts at explaining the nature of language. His passionate work and genius enabled him to develop revolutionary concerns in linguistics by formulating an agenda for scientific linguistics, which is the identification of â€Å"a set of grammatical rules that would generate syntactic descriptions for all of the permissible and none of the nonpermissible sentences in any given language.† (pxxii) It appears that this early, his penchant for the technical approach to linguistics is already apparent – a variable that would be displayed in further works and applicable to computing problems as well. His thoughts in this area, documented in a series of published materials, explained his position that the human mind is highly sensitive to the abstract linguistic structures. They are supposedly never learned because such recognition, according to Chomsky, is innate in human knowledge system. After this stage in Chomsky’s career, he would take up the cudgels for several and different causes that ranged from politics to psychology. In this latter aspect, for instance, Chomsky had a widely publicized conflict with imminent psychologist Jean Piaget. At one point, adherents of both parties managed to have them meet and debate their arguments, resulting in a demonstration of Chomsky’s aptitude in an

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1. How important were economic factors in explaining the colonisation of South east asia by the West in the 19th century? Economic factors: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Colonies = profit †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Desire for profit since earliest Spanish colonization -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dutch and British trade and profit motivated -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  although America and France had different motivations colonies needed to access raw materials eg tin in Malaya access to China, most proftiable market in Asia, given by colonisation of Vietnam 2.1 Merchant pressure Need to ensure trade concessions Some states reneged on trade agreements, eg. Burma Frequent attempts made by British to ensure King's cooperation, sent Residents, but King ignored all agreements, even extorted from merchants. Therefore merchants put pressure on Crown government to colonise Burma, only way for them to retain privileges and concessions. 2.2. Economic momentum - Led to competition among merchants for bigger markets - Competition caused by imperialist profit-gaining More concessions wanted once they are given - imperialism and trade factors had culmulative effect 3. Safeguarding Trade and Stability Anarchy and instablity disrupted trade, colonisation helped prevent this. eg. Burma King Thibaw was a weak king, responsible for anarchy eg. Tonkin Black flags from China caused trade disruption made protecterate by French Pirate bases colonised too. Pirates attacked trade vessels. eg. Aceh, colonised by Dutch 4. Economic Competition Placed importance on economic dominance mutal fear of losing out to one another in trade. Only colonisation gave solid footing in region and a share in trade eg. possiblity of Germany's interest in acuquring Northern Malaya concerned British eg. King Thibaw of Burma gave many trade concessions to French, British annexed Burma paritally to shut French out. 5. New markets for goods 1870s onwards, more and more European countries industrialising. Competition existed among European countries.Imposed tariffs on imported goods to protect embryonic industries. So Euro countries looked to cheaper Asian markets to sell goods and acquire raw materials. Political factors: 1. Status and Prestige France equaled acquistion of Indochina with increased prestige This due to past humiliation from defeat in Franco-Prussian war, produced great determination to retain prestige in rest of world through colonisation. 2. Protection of existing empire good example would be British colonisation of Arakan in Burma and later rest of Burma. Done to prevent turmoil in Burma from 'spilling over' into adjacent India, their empire. Would have serious implications on trade Proximity to 'turbulent frontiers' enough. Eg. Strife in Perak/Selangor. Secret society conflicts spread to Chinese secret societies in Straits Settlements branches. Protection from other European countries. Colonisation of Burma due to fear that French would border India if it gained control of it. Idealogical factors: 1. Religious reasons France and Spain French colonised Vietnam to protect French missionaries from persecution of Emperor Tu Duc.

Prom Nights from Hell Chapter Nine

He said, â€Å"Hi.† And she said, â€Å"Ho.† God. GOD. Could she just say one normal thing? Thanks Crazy Mouth. He cocked an eyebrow at her. â€Å"I didn't know you were coming to prom.† â€Å"I-changed my mind at the last minute.† â€Å"You look nice.† â€Å"You too.† Which was an understatement. He looked like a double stack of cinnamon apple pancakes with a side order of bacon and hash browns (extra crispy). Like the best thing Miranda had ever laid eyes on. She felt herself staring at him, then looked away, blushing. There was a moment of silence. Another one. Don't let it go beyond four seconds, she reminded herself. It had to have been one second already; that left three, now two, say something! Say- â€Å"Are you wearing space pants?† Miranda asked him. â€Å"What?† How did it end? Oh, right. She said, â€Å"Because your butt is fine.† He gazed at her in that way he had like he was measuring her for a straitjacket. â€Å"I think-† he started, then stopped and seemed to be having trouble talking. Cleared his throat three times before finally saying, â€Å"I think the line is ‘because your butt is out of this world. â€Å" â€Å"Oh. That makes a lot more sense. I can see that. See, I read it in this book about how to get guys to like you and they said it was a line that never failed but I got interrupted in the middle and the line before it was about china-not the country, the kind you eat off of-and that is where the fine part was but I must have gotten them confused.† He just kept staring at her. She remembered the other advice from the book, â€Å"when in doubt, make an offer,† reached out, grabbed the first thing she could put her hand on, held it up to his chin, and said, â€Å"Nuts?† He looked like he was about to choke. He cleared his throat a few times, took the nuts from her, put the bowl back on the table, stepped toward her so that their noses were almost touching, and said, â€Å"You read a book about this?† Miranda couldn't even hear his heartbeat over the sound of her own. â€Å"Yes, I did. Because clearly I wasn't doing it right. I mean, if you kiss a guy and he pulls away from you and looks at you like your skin just turned to purple slime, clearly you need to spend some time at the self-help section of-â€Å" â€Å"You talk more when you're nervous,† he said, still standing close to her. â€Å"No I don't. That's absurd. I'm just trying to explain to you-â€Å" â€Å"Do I make you nervous?† â€Å"No. I'm not nervous.† â€Å"You're trembling.† â€Å"I'm cold. I'm wearing practically zero clothes.† His glance went to her lips, then back to her eyes. â€Å"I noticed.† Miranda gulped. â€Å"Look, I should-â€Å" He caught her wrist before she could take off. â€Å"That kiss you gave me was the hottest kiss I've ever had. I pulled away because I was afraid I wouldn't be able to stop myself from ripping off your clothes. And that didn't seem like the right way to end a first date. I didn't want you to think that was all I was interested in.† She stared at him. There was silence again, but this time she didn't worry about how long it went on. â€Å"Why didn't you tell me?† she said finally. â€Å"I tried to, but every time I saw you afterward you disappeared. I got the feeling you were avoiding me.† â€Å"I didn't want things to be awkward.† â€Å"Yeah, there was nothing awkward about you hiding behind a plant when I came into the dining hall at lunch on Wednesday.† â€Å"I wasn't hiding. I was, um, breathing. You know, oxygen. From the plant. Very oxygenated, that air is.† Insert head in oven now. â€Å"Of course. I should have thought of that.† â€Å"It's a health thing. Not many people know about it.† Leave until no longer HALF BAKED. â€Å"No, I'm sure they-â€Å" Miranda blurted. â€Å"Did you really mean that? About liking it when I kissed you?† â€Å"I really did. A lot.† Her hands were shaking. She reached up and pulled him toward her. Just as the music went off, the emergency-exit lighting went on and a tinny voice announced over a loudspeaker, â€Å"Please make your way to the nearest exit and leave the building immediately.† She and Will were pushed in different directions by the crowd surging to the door, being guided by four men in full body armor. The message kept repeating, but Miranda wasn't hearing it or Ariel West screaming that someone was going to PAY for RUINING her NIGHT or the person saying that dude, this was the sweetest way to end a prom ever, man, he was so high. She was hearing again the one-two-three cha-cha heartbeat of Deputy Reynolds, slightly muffled by body armor. This was no drill. â€Å"It's us, isn't it?† Sibby said, rushing over to stand next to Miranda. â€Å"That's why those storm-trooper guys are here. For us.† â€Å"Yeah.† â€Å"You were right. I should have stayed hidden. This is my fault. I don't want anyone to get hurt. I'll just turn myself over to these people, and they'll have to let-â€Å" Miranda interrupted her. â€Å"After all that? With only three hours left to go? And you, blend-it-like-butter girl? No way. It's not over. We can totally get out of this.† She tried to sound confident, but she was terrified. Just what do you think you're doing? U-Suck channel demanded. I have no idea. Sibby looked at her, eyes blazing with hope. â€Å"Do you mean it? You have a way out?† Miranda swallowed, took a deep breath, and said to Sibby, â€Å"Follow me.† To herself: Please don't fail.

Analysis Of William Mortimer J. Adler s Article Analysis

In Mortimer J. Adler’s article â€Å"How to Mark a Book,† he argues that you should mark up your book to note significant information. Adler argues, through rhetorical appeals and fallacies, that as you write in a book it becomes â€Å"absorbed in your bloodstream,† and allows you to fully own the book. As readers searching for these techniques we can become immune to the fallacies by recognizing them and thereby acknowledging the argument for what it truly is. How to Mark A Book, uses an abundance of logos in addition to other convincing techniques to persuade you, the reader, to mark up your book. First, for any analysis of an argument, we must find â€Å"who is claiming what† (Lunsford, Ruszkiewicz and Walter 94). In this article, that person is Mortimer Jerome Adler; an American philosopher, educator and writer. His publisher, â€Å"The Saturday Review of Literature,† commonly publish pieces similar to â€Å"How to Mark a Book† including : â€Å"A.L Rowse: A Study in Versatility, â€Å"The A.L.A(American Library Association) Convention† and â€Å"Education of a Commentator.† Based on the title of the publisher and their various publications, we can assume that the broad audience of the article are people with an interest in literature itself. However, due to the vast amount of detail and description in the article, we can quite safely derive that the narrow audience are people directly involved in education. While the article seems promising to high school and college students, it is not limited toShow MoreRelatedNetflix‟S Busi7980 Words   |  32 PagesThis article was downloaded by: [UNISA University South Africa] On: 13 February 2012, At: 22:32 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Technology Analysis Strategic Management Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ctas20 Building Innovation Networks: Issues of Strategy and Expertise Read MoreA Formal Definition Of Curriculum3086 Words   |  13 Pagesthis philosophy believes in the achievements of mankind and recognizes great works of art, literature, and science, the teacher must be a scholar in the liberal arts and sciences. Two advocates of perennialism, Robert Maynard Hutchins and Mortimer Adler, see education as a means of constructing a common foundation directed at transforming a student’s ways of thinking. This will ensure social survival all citizens because everyone will be exposed to and taught ways of thinking that will secureRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul SingaporeRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesmanaging, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the